With the correct and consistent adherence to these food standards, coupled with a strong food regulations legislative enforcement, the chances of occurrence of food safety incidences are considerably lowered in the developed countries. Most of the big food corporates have adopted at least one if not all of the following: Grocery Manufacturers Association (GMA) guidelines, Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs), Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points (HACCP) or International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as a benchmark for food quality assurance. With bigger corporates, enforcement and adherence to food safety standards is usually achievable. In most developed countries, peanut butter production is dominated by large food industry corporates. While these critical and generic peanut butter food safety concerns ( Salmonella spp., aflatoxins) are equally problematic for both developed and developing counties, the actual scope of concern differ widely with the level of development of a country. The Food Safety Risk Associated with Peanut ButterĪssociated with peanut butter, microbial contaminations specifically by Salmonella spp., and biological toxins in the form of aflatoxin are the main peanut butter food safety concerns that have consistently been reported over the past years. Further, it is interesting to note that in the UK, whereas jam spread has been very popular in the past, the sales of peanut butter spreads exceeded that of jam spread in 2020. However, it is projected to return to pre-COVID-19 pandemic levels where peanut butter imports to the EU had almost doubled from 26,000 metric tons to 40,000 metric tonnes between 20. This was attributed to the fact that the EU peanut butter markets strongly depend on peanuts and peanut butter imports. In Europe, from 2013 onward the total peanut butter and prepared/preserved groundnuts output volume increased consistently by about 3.2% every year reaching its peak in 2019, thereafter decreased by about 1.5% in 2020 due to the effects of COVID-19 ). In the US alone, in 2020, about 87.9 million people were recorded to have consumed at least one jar of peanut butter (462 g) within a space of 1 month. The peanut butter market even experienced further gains during the COVID-19 pandemic. The USA is the world’s largest peanut butter consumer by volume where is it found in 90% of the households. Recently, the large entities in the peanut butter industry significantly expanded their operations and product offerings. As of 2021, the global market value of peanut butter was USD 3.4 Billion and was projected to undergo a moderate growth of between 4.4–10% by 2027. The compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of the global peanut butter market increased by 6.1% between 20. In recent years the peanut butter market has been on a steady increase and is further projected to continue on this positive trajectory. The purpose of this review is to highlight the nature of food safety risks associated with peanut butter and to discuss the effectiveness of the initiatives that are aimed at minimising these risks. Adopting good manufacturing hygiene practices from farm to table and avoiding the processing of contaminated peanuts are probably some of the few practically viable strategies for minimising these peanut butter food safety risks. The removal of aflatoxins in contaminated peanut butter is equally problematic and for all practical purposes almost impossible at the moment. Thermal treatment, microwave, radiofrequency, irradiation, and high-pressure processing all are of limited efficacy in inactivating Salmonella spp. The inherent nature of the Salmonella spp., coupled with the unique chemical composition and structure of peanut butter, present serious technical challenges when inactivating Salmonella spp. In terms of prevalence and potential magnitude of impact, contamination by Salmonella spp., and aflatoxins, are the major food safety risks associated with peanut butter consumption. The food safety risks associated with its consumption are also likely to have impacts on a correspondingly large global population. Peanut butter has a very large and continuously increasing global market.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |